RSS feed uniba.sk https://uniba.sk/ Najnovšie novinky sk RSS feed uniba.sk https://uniba.sk/fileadmin/tt_news_article.gif https://uniba.sk/ Najnovšie novinky TYPO3 - get.content.right http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss Thu, 31 Dec 2026 00:00:00 +0100 Scenario-Based Testing of Autonomous Vehicles: The Foundation of Safety and Reliability https://uniba.sk/ Marek Mičák [1] This approach is also supported by regulatory authorities, as modern regulations increasingly require the validation of autonomous system safety through predefined scenarios.[2] UN[3] and EU[4] regulations rely on scenario-based testing to assess the safety of automated driving systems and include scenario specifications and acceptance conditions. Although these predefined scenarios cover important safety aspects, the development of safe autonomous vehicles requires additional testing, placing several demands on test scenarios and their generation process.[5] Scenario-based testing makes it possible to reproduce real-world traffic situations, including critical and rare events that would be dangerous to test in real conditions. Such scenarios include, for example, collision situations, sudden changes in the behaviour of road users, or complex interactions at intersections. The advantage is that these scenarios can be repeatedly tested in a controlled environment, increasing the accuracy of analysis and enabling the identification of errors already in the early stages of development. Modern testing of autonomous vehicles is no longer based solely on physical testing but on a comprehensive ecosystem that combines simulations, proving ground testing, and real-world road testing. This hybrid approach allows efficient coverage of a wide range of scenarios while optimizing development time and costs. Virtual simulations are particularly important for testing extreme or difficult-to-reproduce situations, which can then serve as a basis for physical validation.[6] From a scientific perspective, several approaches exist for generating test scenarios. The main ones include data-driven scenarios, scenarios generated by artificial intelligence, and knowledge-based scenarios derived from traffic rules or formal specifications. Each of these approaches has its advantages and limitations—data-driven scenarios are realistic but limited by available data, while AI-generated scenarios offer greater variability but less control. To overcome these limitations, integrated solutions have been developed that combine various scenario generation techniques into a single system. Such an approach makes it possible to create realistic, controllable, and critical scenarios, significantly increasing testing efficiency. An important feature of modern tools is their modular architecture, which allows flexible adaptation of testing processes to the specific needs of autonomous system development. Simulations play a crucial role, particularly in terms of efficiency. They enable the generation of large numbers of scenarios in a short time and allow testing of vehicle behaviour under various traffic conditions. This approach significantly accelerates development and enables extensive testing without the need for costly physical experiments.[7] At the same time, it is essential to combine virtual testing with physical validation. While simulations can identify potential issues, real-world testing is necessary to confirm results under actual conditions. This hybrid approach ensures that testing is not only efficient but also reliable and relevant for real-world deployment.[8] Scenario-based testing therefore represents a fundamental pillar in the development of autonomous vehicles. It enables systematic evaluation of system behaviour across different situations, identification of weaknesses, and compliance with regulatory requirements. As the complexity of autonomous technologies continues to grow, its importance will further increase and will be a key factor in building public trust in autonomous mobility.[9] SOURCES: [1] TÜV SÜD – Scenario-based testing for automotives. In: TÜV SÜD. [online]. [cit. 24.03.2026].  Dostupné na: https://www.tuvsud.com/en/industries/automotive/autonomous-vehicle-testing-and-homologation-services/scenario-based-testing-for-automotives [2] Finkeldei, F., Thees, C., Weghorn, JN. et al. Scenario Factory 2.0: Scenario-Based Testing of Automated Vehicles with CommonRoad. Automot. Innov. 8, 207–220 (2025).  [online]. [cit. 24.03.2026].  Dostupné na: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42154-025-00360-0 [3] World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations: New Assessment/Test Method for Automated Driving (NATM) Guide- lines for Validating Automated Driving System (ADS). United Nations, Geneva (2023) [4]  European Comission: Commission implementing regulation (EU) 2022/1426. Official Journal of the European Union 65, 1–64 (2022)
[1] TÜV SÜD – Scenario-based testing for automotives. In: TÜV SÜD. [online]. [cit. 24.03.2026].  Dostupné na: https://www.tuvsud.com/en/industries/automotive/autonomous-vehicle-testing-and-homologation-services/scenario-based-testing-for-automotives
[2] Finkeldei, F., Thees, C., Weghorn, JN. et al. Scenario Factory 2.0: Scenario-Based Testing of Automated Vehicles with CommonRoad. Automot. Innov. 8, 207–220 (2025).  [online]. [cit. 24.03.2026].  Dostupné na: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42154-025-00360-0
[3]  World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations: New Assessment/Test Method for Automated Driving (NATM) Guide- lines for Validating Automated Driving System (ADS). United Nations, Geneva (2023)
[4] European Comission: Commission implementing regulation (EU) 2022/1426. Official Journal of the European Union 65, 1–64 (2022)
[5] Finkeldei, F., Thees, C., Weghorn, JN. et al. Scenario Factory 2.0: Scenario-Based Testing of Automated Vehicles with CommonRoad. Automot. Innov. 8, 207–220 (2025).  [online]. [cit. 24.03.2026].  Dostupné na: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42154-025-00360-0
[6] TÜV SÜD – Scenario-based testing for automotives. In: TÜV SÜD. [online]. [cit. 24.03.2026].  Dostupné na: https://www.tuvsud.com/en/industries/automotive/autonomous-vehicle-testing-and-homologation-services/scenario-based-testing-for-automotives
[7] Finkeldei, F., Thees, C., Weghorn, JN. et al. Scenario Factory 2.0: Scenario-Based Testing of Automated Vehicles with CommonRoad. Automot. Innov. 8, 207–220 (2025).  [online]. [cit. 24.03.2026].  Dostupné na: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42154-025-00360-0
[8] TÜV SÜD – Scenario-based testing for automotives. In: TÜV SÜD. [online]. [cit. 24.03.2026].  Dostupné na: https://www.tuvsud.com/en/industries/automotive/autonomous-vehicle-testing-and-homologation-services/scenario-based-testing-for-automotives
[9] TÜV SÜD – Scenario-based testing for automotives. In: TÜV SÜD. [online]. [cit. 24.03.2026].  Dostupné na: https://www.tuvsud.com/en/industries/automotive/autonomous-vehicle-testing-and-homologation-services/scenario-based-testing-for-automotives
]]> [PraF] Blog ROAT Thu, 07 May 2026 08:27:00 +0200 Meniscus Cup 2026 https://uniba.sk/ On April 24 and 25, 2026, the football field near the student dormitory hosted the 16th edition of... 17 men’s teams and 5 women’s teams. Originally a smaller gathering of sports enthusiasts, the Meniscus Cup has gradually grown into one of the most prominent and popular events of the academic year. However, the Meniscus Cup is not only about football — above all, it is about socializing, a friendly atmosphere, and entertainment, which give the event its unique character. The program also included accompanying parties, held directly at the football field on Friday and in the student dormitory premises on Saturday.]]> [JLF] Titulka - úzke novinky milos.hrabovsky@uniba.sk Tue, 12 May 2026 08:56:00 +0200 Temporary Closure of the Academic Library (May 8–9, 2026) https://uniba.sk/ On May 8, 2026, the Academic Library of JFMED CU will be closed to students from the morning until... [JLF] Titulka - široké novinky milos.hrabovsky@uniba.sk Wed, 06 May 2026 11:35:00 +0200 International 3. Medical Day at LF UK http://www.fmed.uniba.sk/en/news/international-3-medical-day-at-lf-uk/ The 3rd International Medical Day once again brought together students from both the English and... [LF] Titulka - široké novinky Wed, 06 May 2026 11:12:00 +0200 Invitation to a lecture on the topic: “Switzerland and Its Economic Policy.” https://uniba.sk/ Dear colleagues, dear students, I would like to inform you that on... dear students,   

I would like to inform you that on Thursday, May 7, 2026 (time: 12:30–1:50 p.m., Room C5), as part of the German-language International Management program, in the course “Economic Policy in German-Speaking Countries,” at the Faculty of Management of Comenius University in Bratislava, we will welcome Ms. Miriam Imesch, Deputy Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Swiss Confederation to the Slovak Republic, who will give a lecture on the topic: “Switzerland and Its Economic Policy.”

The event will be held in German. 

You are cordially invited to attend.             
 
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Marian Šuplata, PhD.
Head of Department
Department of International Management and International Relations
Faculty of Management
Comenius University Bratislava

]]> [FM] Kalendár Thu, 07 May 2026 10:21:00 +0200 A Global Legal Framework for Fully Autonomous Vehicles: The New UN Regulation on Automated Driving Systems https://uniba.sk/ Bogdan Lukashenko and Marek Mičák [1] Importantly, the draft regulation adopts a performance-based and technology-neutral structure. Rather than prescribing specific technical solutions, it formulates outcome-oriented safety requirements. This approach ensures adaptability to future technological evolution while maintaining consistent safety objectives. From a technical perspective, the regulation defines an Automated Driving System as an integrated combination of vehicle hardware and software capable of performing the entire Dynamic Driving Task (DDT) on a sustained basis . The DDT includes environmental perception, decision-making, manoeuvre planning, and vehicle motion control. Because these systems replace core human driving functions, manufacturers must demonstrate that the safety performance of their ADS is at least equivalent to that of a competent and careful human driver.[2] To verify compliance, the regulation introduces a multi-pillar validation methodology. Regulators explicitly acknowledge that no single testing method can sufficiently demonstrate safety. Therefore, manufacturers must rely on a combination of simulation-based testing, closed-track trials, real-world driving tests, and regulatory audits . This integrated assessment framework allows evaluation across diverse operational conditions and complex traffic scenarios. A central element of the framework is the requirement to compile a structured Safety Case. Manufacturers must provide clearly formulated safety claims, supported by technical arguments and documented evidence, demonstrating that the ADS operates without unreasonable risk and complies with regulatory requirements . The Safety Case is subject to comprehensive regulatory assessment and functions as a formal mechanism of accountability. Complementing this obligation is the mandatory implementation of a Safety Management System (SMS). The SMS integrates organizational structures, human competencies, and technical processes to manage safety throughout the entire lifecycle of the system from development and validation to deployment and post-market operation . The regulation includes audit and certification mechanisms to verify compliance with SMS requirements.[3] Safety oversight continues even after vehicles enter the market. The regulation establishes In-Service Monitoring and Reporting (ISMR) mechanisms, requiring continuous data collection, occurrence reporting, and performance evaluation . In addition, vehicles must be equipped with a Data Storage System for Automated Driving (DSSAD) capable of recording safety-relevant ADS performance data . These mechanisms create a feedback loop enabling authorities to identify systemic risks and implement corrective measures when necessary.[4] The draft builds upon earlier international instruments, including the 2022 Framework Document on Automated Vehicles and the 2024 Guidelines and recommendations for ADS requirements, assessments and test methods . Several major jurisdictions have already engaged with the proposal: the United States launched a Request for Comment through its national authorities, China indicated its intention to align its national standards with the global regulation, and Japan together with several European countries welcomed the initiative. At a systemic level, the regulation aims not only to enable technological deployment but also to clarify responsibility attribution through structured documentation and data logging, prevent fragmented legal regimes, enhance international cooperation, and strengthen public trust in automated mobility . In doing so, it represents one of the most comprehensive attempts to regulate safety-critical artificial intelligence technologies within a globally harmonized legal framework. Key Summary
  • A draft United Nations Global Technical Regulation on Automated Driving Systems (ADS) was finalized after a decade of technological development and regulatory preparation, and adopted by GRVA in January 2026 for submission to WP.29.
  • The regulation aims to establish the first harmonized global framework enabling fully autonomous vehicles to operate on public roads without driver supervision.
  • It follows a performance-based and technology-neutral approach, requiring safety outcomes comparable to those of a competent and careful human driver.
  • Safety compliance is ensured through a multi-pillar validation framework (simulation, track testing, real-world tests, and audits) and a structured Safety Case supported by evidence.
  • Manufacturers must implement a certified Safety Management System (SMS) covering the entire lifecycle of the system.
  • Ongoing oversight is secured through in-service monitoring, reporting obligations, and mandatory data recording (DSSAD), promoting accountability and public trust.
Sources: [1] UN announces a global regulation to facilitate safe introduction of self-driving vehicles on public roads worldwide. In: UNECE. [online]. [cit. 17.2.2026].  Dostupné na: https://unece.org/media/transport/Vehicle-Regulations/press/411317 [2] Proposal for a new United Nations Global Technical Regulation on Automated Driving Systems (ADS) [online]. [cit. 12.2.2026]. Dostupné na: https://unece.org/sites/default/files/2026-01/ECE-TRANS-WP.29-GRVA-2026-02e.pdf
[1] UN announces a global regulation to facilitate safe introduction of self-driving vehicles on public roads worldwide. In: UNECE. [online]. [cit. 17.2.2026].  Dostupné na: https://unece.org/media/transport/Vehicle-Regulations/press/411317
[2] Proposal for a new United Nations Global Technical Regulation on Automated Driving Systems (ADS) [online]. [cit. 12.2.2026]. Dostupné na: https://unece.org/sites/default/files/2026-01/ECE-TRANS-WP.29-GRVA-2026-02e.pdf s. 6.
[3] Proposal for a new United Nations Global Technical Regulation on Automated Driving Systems (ADS) [online]. [cit. 12.2.2026]. Dostupné na: https://unece.org/sites/default/files/2026-01/ECE-TRANS-WP.29-GRVA-2026-02e.pdf, s. 12.
[4] Proposal for a new United Nations Global Technical Regulation on Automated Driving Systems (ADS) [online]. [cit. 12.2.2026]. Dostupné na: https://unece.org/sites/default/files/2026-01/ECE-TRANS-WP.29-GRVA-2026-02e.pdf s. 32.
]]> [PraF] Blog ROAT Thu, 07 May 2026 08:40:00 +0200 SURVEY INVOLVING FM CU REVEALS STRONG ENTREPRENEURIAL POTENTIAL AMONG PEOPLE OVER 50 https://uniba.sk/ Bratislava, 6 May 2026: People in later life across Europe are not simply looking to slow down. An... “The 50+ generation is an exceptionally valuable source of knowledge, experience, and professional networks. Our survey shows that many experienced professionals have a strong intrinsic motivation to start a business and share their know-how. With targeted support and education, they can make a major contribution to innovation and to strengthening Europe’s economic stability,” said Michal Greguš, CHANCE project coordinator at FM CU. The project’s main objective is therefore to develop a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) tailored to the needs of so-called “late entrepreneurs”. The course will focus on practical aspects of entrepreneurship, including business planning, financial management, marketing, and the use of digital tools. It will then be piloted with at least 350 participants. The course content is based directly on respondents’ preferences, with particular emphasis on video formats, online learning, interactive elements, group discussions, and individual mentoring. The goal is to create a scalable model for entrepreneurial education at European level, specifically designed for the 50+ population. The CHANCE Erasmus+ project, funded by the European Union through the Erasmus+ programme, focuses on developing the skills of people aged over 50 who want to start a business or pursue a new career path. The project brings together six partner organisations from five European countries: Croatia, Czechia, Finland, Ireland, and Slovakia. The partners have expertise in education, entrepreneurship, and working with older adults. Alongside FM CU, they include the Regional Development and Innovation Agency (Slovakia), Newton University (Czechia), Savonia University of Applied Sciences (Finland), Údarás na Gaeltachta (Ireland), and Algebra Bernays University (Croatia). More information is available at: https://chance-project.eu/]]> [RUK] Titulka - široké novinky [RUK] Tlačové správy pr@uniba.sk Wed, 06 May 2026 12:41:00 +0200 Doctoral colloquium - Milica Kiš (11.5.2026) https://uniba.sk/ Monday 11.5.2026 at 13:10, Lecture room I 9 Milica Kiš:
Computational modeling of the effects of psychedelics on cognitive functions
Abstract:
Psychedelics are a class of psychoactive substances known to induce alterations in perception, mood, and cognitive processes. Recent studies have reported promising therapeutic outcomes for several psychiatric conditions, including anxiety, treatment-resistant depression (TRD), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the impact of psychedelics on cognitive functions remains insufficiently explored. Computational modeling provides a valuable approach for elucidating the mechanisms underlying psychedelic effects. This project aims to integrate methodologies from computer science (spiking neural networks, entropy measures), physics (criticality theory), mathematics (graph theory), statistics (Bayesian framework), and neuroscience to model, analyze, and investigate the complex dynamics of brain activity under the influence of psychedelics. The research project will proceed as follows: (1) select a specific cognitive function and replicate its typical operation in a computational model, such as human vision; (2) manipulate the model, informed by existing literature, to reproduce psychedelic effects, such as visual hallucinations; (3) hypothesize emergent properties within the system, for example, an increase in entropy; (4) quantify, analyze, and validate findings using appropriate measures and metrics grounded in established literature, such as entropy measures; (5) compare and refine the models based on the results. If possible, the final step will involve validating the model against externally obtained experimental data or open-source datasets. We are currently focusing on reproducing psychedelic effects in the domain of human vision, specifically visual hallucinations, by manipulating precision in a hierarchical predictive coding model. More information Youtube channel ]]> [FMFI] Prednášky a semináre [FMFI] Kalendár Damas.Gruska@fmph.uniba.sk Tue, 05 May 2026 13:56:00 +0200 Seminar of Department of Theoretical Physics - Giovanna F. do Valle (12.5.2026) https://uniba.sk/ Tuesday 12.5.2026 at 14:00, Lecture room F2/125 Giovanna F. do Valle (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil):
How a Detector Responds to the Vacuum Inside a Superposed Spherical Shell Abstract:
In this presentation, we explore a detector's response to vacuum fluctuations inside a hollow spherical shell in spatial superposition. To properly describe this system, we employ the formalism of Quantum Reference Frames (QRF), which allows us to transition to a perspective where the detector inherits the quantum delocalization. By performing this change of frame, we can analyze the interaction within a classical gravitational background while maintaining the quantum nature of the source. Finally, we investigate what information the detector’s response provides about the shell's quantum state, identifying which features of the superposition are effectively captured by the detector. ]]> [FMFI] Prednášky a semináre [FMFI] Kalendár Peter.Matak@fmph.uniba.sk Tue, 05 May 2026 13:46:00 +0200 Condensed Matter Seminar - Pavol Valko (14.5.2026) https://uniba.sk/ Thursday 14.5.2026 at 14:00, Lecture room F1 108 doc. RNDr. Pavol Valko, CSc. (Institute of Nuclear and Physical Engineering, FEI STU Bratislava):
Newton's Gravitational Constant, from Pendulums to Satellites Abstract:
Newton's gravitational constant is a fundamental parameter governing gravitational interactions across all length scales, from laboratory systems to cosmological structures, and it indirectly constrains the chemical composition of matter. In the first part of the seminar, I will briefly review the principal experimental approaches and key measurements that have been used to determine its value. I will then discuss the currently accepted values of the gravitational constant and their associated uncertainties, with emphasis on the fundamental limits of measurement accuracy. Particular attention will be given to the role of noise and systematic effects inherent to absolute measurement techniques, which are unavoidable in determinations of this constant. Finally, I will present selected results from my own experimental efforts in this area and outline possible directions for future investigations.
This work was not supported by any public science funding programme. ]]> [FMFI] Prednášky a semináre [FMFI] Kalendár Roman.Martonak@fmph.uniba.sk Tue, 05 May 2026 13:19:00 +0200